Development of an Ethnomathematics-Based Snakes and Ladders Game Media Integrating Banten Cultural Context for Teaching Number Operations in Elementary School

Authors

  • Andika Arisetyawan Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Serang Campus, Indonesia
  • Irfan Fauzi Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Farid Rizqi Maulana Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Serang Campus, Indonesia
  • Supriadi Supriadi Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Serang Campus, Indonesia
  • Jiraporn Chano Mahasarakham University, Thailand

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33394/jk.v11i4.17984

Keywords:

Ethnomathematics, Number Operations, Banten Culture, Snakes and Ladders Game, Learning Media

Abstract

This study aims to develop Snakes and Ladders game media for the concept of number operations by integrating the cultural context of Banten. This research employs a development method using the ADDIE model—analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The study uses a purposive sampling technique involving 20 sixth-grade students at an elementary school in Serang, Banten, selected based on considerations such as school facilities and curriculum implementation. Data were collected through number-operation tests and student reflection journals. The data were analyzed qualitatively using thematic analysis to identify themes emerging from patterns of meaning. The results show that the ethnomathematics-based Snakes and Ladders game media can enhance students’ self-efficacy and subsequently improve their understanding of number operation concepts. Furthermore, students reported increased motivation and enthusiasm during the learning process due to the engaging and enjoyable nature of the media. This study contributes to mathematics education by offering a more meaningful and enjoyable learning experience, while also reducing students’ anxiety toward mathematics. The findings further indicate that integrating cultural elements from Banten into mathematics learning can improve students’ learning outcomes.

References

Akınoğlu, O., & Tandoğan, R. Ö. (2007). The Effects of Problem-based Active Learning in Science Education on Students’ Academic Achievement, Attitude and Concept Learning. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science & Technology Education, 3(1), 71-81.

Akkaya, S. (2021). Teacher Candidates' Perception According to Mediation Effect of Play Perception and Play and Physical Activities Lesson. International Journal of Curriculum and Instruction (IJCI), 13(3), 3165-3196.

Aldoobie, N. (2015). ADDIE Model. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 5(6), 68-72.

Amelia, A., Pamungkas, A., & Rahayu, I. (2025). Systematic Lyterature Review: Implementasi PjBL dengan Konteks Budaya Banten untuk Meningkatkan Numerasi Siswa. Jurnal Cendekia : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 9(3), 1337-1346. https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v9i3.3538.

Andrei, G. (2024). Student Development through the Study of Mathematics. "Research & Innovation-Innovative Entrepreneurship". International Congress, 2nd Edition, 137-139. https://doi.org/10.46727/c.17-18-05-2024.

Anjum, R. (2006). The Impact of Self-efficacy on Mathematics Achievement of Primary School Children. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 21(3-4), 61-78.

Arisetyawan, A., Suryadi, D., Herman, T., & Rakhmat, C. (2014). Study of Ethnomathematics: A Lesson from the Baduy Culture. International Journal of Education and Research, 2(10), 681-688.

Börnert-Ringleb, M., & Wilbert, J. (2018). The Association of Strategy Use and Concrete-Operational Thinking in Primary School. Frontiers in Education, 3, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2018.00038.

Bouffard-Bouchard, T., Parent, S., & Larivee, S. (1991). Influence of Self-Efficacy on Self-Regulation and Performance among Junior and Senior High-School Age Students. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 14(2), 153-164. https://doi.org/10.1177/016502549101400203.

Burdette, H. L., & Whitaker, R. C. (2005). Resurrecting Free Play in Young Children: Looking Beyond Fitness and Fatness to Attention, Affiliation, and Affect. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 159(1), 46– 50. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.159.1.46.

Burriss, K. G., & Tsao, L. (2002). Review of Research: How Much Do We Know about the Importance of Play in Child Development? Childhood Education, 78(4), 230–233. https://doi.org/10.1080/00094056.2002.10522188.

Clark, Z. K. (2019). Exploring Children's Play Iin Early Years Learning Environments: What are the Factors that Shape Children's Play in the Classroom? Journal of Early Childhood Research, 17(3), 177-189. https://doi.org/1-13.10.1177/1476718X19849251.

Clements, D. H., & Sarama, J. (2013). Rethinking Early Mathematics: What is Research based Curriculum for Young Children? In L. D. English & J. T. Mulligan (Eds.), Reconceptualizing Early Mathematics Learning (pp. 121–147). Dordrecht: Springer.

Devlin, K. (2018). Sets, Functions, and Logic: An Introduction to Abstract Mathematics (3rd edition). CRC Press.

Fauzi, I., Arisetyawan, A., & Chano, J. (2023). Integration of Indonesian Culture in the Didactic Design of the Concept of Fractions in Elementary Schools. International Online Journal of Primary Education, 12(4), 263-284.

Fauzi, I., Muhibah, R., & Jupri, A. (2021). Learning Designs for the Addition and Subtraction of Two-Digit Numbers based on Realistic Mathematics Education Principles Using Snakes and Ladders Game. Al Ibtida: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru MI, 8(1), 32-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24235/al.ibtida.snj.v8i1.7741.

Febrianti, D. N., & Purwaningrum, J. P. (2021). Jerome Bruner's Theory of Learning to Improve Basic School Students' Understanding of Numbers by Learning in Stage, Mathematics Education Journals, 5(1), 46-57.

Gainsburg, J. (2008). Real-world Connections in Secondary Mathematics Teaching. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 11(3), 199–219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10857-007-9070-8.

Garry L. L., Dee, C. R., & Sue, C. B. (2009). Play Therapy in Elementary Schools. Psychology in the School, 46(3), 281-289. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.20374.

Greer, B., & Mukhopadhyay, S. (2015). Honoring Diversity in Intercultural Mathematics Education. Intercultural Education, 26(4), 261–265. https://doi.org/10.1080/14675986.2015.1073876.

Gronmo, L. S. (2018). The Role of Algebra in School Mathematics. In: K. Gabrielle., H. Forgasz., M. Graven., A. Kuzniak., E. Simmt., & B. Xu (Eds.). Invited Lectures from the 13th International Congress on Mathematical Education. 175-193. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72170-5_11.

Jamshid, J., Aref, M., Maghsoud, N., Seyyed, A. M., & Stefan, E. (2016). The Impact of Group Play Therapy on Creativity and Control of Aggression in Preschool Children. Cogent Psychology, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2016.126465.

Juhász, A. (2021). Primary School Teachers’ Attitude to Board-Games and Their Board-Game Playing Practice. Acta Didactica Napocensia, 14(1), 182-187. https://doi.org/10.24193/adn.14.1.15.

Kasmaei, S. K., & Asghari, F. (2017). Effectiveness of Play Group Therapy on Controlling the Impulsivity, Reducing the Aggression and Increasing the Interpersonal Relationships. Conference Center of Shiraz University International Division, 1-9.

Kemendikbud. (2016). Permendikbud Nomor 20 Tahun 2016 tentang Standar Kompetensi Lulusan Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah. Jakarta: Kemendikbud.

Lange, J. de. (1996). Using and Applying Mathematics in Education. In A.J. Bishop et al (Ed.), International Handbook of Mathematics Education (pp. 49–97). Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Latif, N. S., & Talib, A. (2021). Development of Ethnomathematics E-modules based on Local Wisdom to Improve Students' Cultural and Civic Literacy. Proceedings of the InternationalConference on Educational Studies in Mathematics (ICoESM 2021), 611, 112-120. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211211.020.

Laurens, T., Batlolona, F. A., Batlolona, J. R., & Leasa, M. (2018). How Does Realistic Mathematics E(RME) Improve Students' Mathematics Cognitive Achievement? Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 14(2), 569–578. https://doi.org/10.12973/ejmste/76959.

Magas, J. C. (2025). Construction and Evaluation of Self-directed Learning Material and Its Effect on STEM Students' Academic Performance in Mathematics. Mathematics Teaching Research Journal, 17(1), 232-263.

Maharani, D. W., & Dewi, N. R. (2015). The Implementation of Science Inquiry-based Website Oriented by Cultural Deviance Solution to Instill Students' Character and Independence. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 4(1), 25-30.

Masjudin., Suharta, I. G. P., Lasmawan, W., & Fatwini (2024). Strengthening 21st Century Skills through an Independent Curriculum in Mathematics Education in Indonesia: Challenges, Potential, and Strategies. International Journal of Applied Science and Sustainable Development (IJASSD), 6(2), 92-113. https://doi.org/10.36733/ijassd.v6i2.9087.

McKenney, S., & Reeves, T. C. (2012). Conducting Educational Design Research. Routledge.

Merkley, R., & Ansari, D. (2016). Why Numerical Symbols Count in the Development of Mathematical Skills: Evidence from Brain and Behavior. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 10, 14-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.04.006.

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.

Nijhof, S. L., Vinkers, C. H., van Geelen, S. M., Duijff, S. N., Achterberg, E. J. M., der Net, J., Veltkamp, R. C., Grootenhuis, M. A., de Putte, E. M., Hillegers, M. H. J., der Brug, A. W., Wierenga, C. J., Benders M. J. N. L., Engels., R. C. M. E., der Ent, C. K., Vanderschuren, L. J. M. J., & Lesscher, H. M. B. (2018). Healthy Play, Better Coping: The Importance of Play for the Development of Children in Health and Disease. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.024.

Nugraha, T., Maulana, M., & Mutiasih, P. (2020). Sundanese Ethnomathematics Context in Primary School Learning. Mimbar Sekolah Dasar, 7(1), 93-105. https://doi.org/10.53400/mimbar-sd.v7i1.22452.

Pokhrel, T. R. (2018). Activity Based Mathematics Instruction: Experiences in Addressing the 21st-Century Skills. JME (Journal of Mathematics Education), 11(1), 46-61. https://doi.org/10.26711/007577152790020.

Rahmawati, R. D., Sulistyani, N., Purnomo, Y. W., Fitriya, Y., & Ramadhani, D. (2023). Relationship between Elementary School Students' Numeracy and Number Sense. The New Educational Review, 74(4), 73-88. https://doi.org/10.15804/tner.23.74.4.06.

Richey, R. C., & Klein, J. D. (2005). Developmental Research Methods: Creating Knowledge from Instructional Design and Development Practice. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 16(2), 23-38.

Rosa, M., & Orey, D. C. (2011). Ethnomathematics: The Cultural Aspects of Mathematics. Revista Latinoamericana de Etnomatemática, 4(2), 32-54.

Rosa, M., & Orey, D. C. (2015). A Trivium Curriculum for Mathematics based on Literacy, Matheracy, and Technoracy: An Ethnomathematics Perspective. ZDM Mathematics Education, 47(4), 587-598.

Sanghvi, V. M. (2020). Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development: A Review. Indian Journal of Mental Health, 7(2), 90-96.

Silver, E., Mesa, V., Morris, K., Star, J., & Benken, B. (2009). Teaching Mathematics for Understanding: An Analysis of Lessons Submitted by Teachers Seeking NBPTS Certification. American Educational Research Journal, 501-531. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831208326559.

Simbolon, R. (2024). Literature Study: Integration of Ethnomathematics in Mathematics Learning in Schools. Journal of Mathematics Education and Application (JMEA), 3(2), J70-76. https://doi.org/10.30596/jmea.v3i2.20332.

Supriadi. (2019). Didactic Design of Sundanese Ethnomathematics Learning for Primary School Students. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 18(11), 154-175.

Supriadi, S., & Arisetyawan, A. (2020). Pembelajaran Etnomatematika Sunda melalui Permainan Endog-endogan dan Engklek untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar dalam Materi Pecahan. Prosiding SI MaNIs (Seminar Nasional Integrasi Matematika dan Nilai-Nilai Islami), 3(1), 97-101.

Szabo, Z. K., Körtesi, P., Guncaga, J., Szabo, D., & Neag, R. (2020). Examples of Problem-Solving Strategies in Mathematics Education Supporting the Sustainability of 21st-Century Skills. Sustainability, 12(23), 10113. https://doi.org/10.3390/su122310113.

Tambychika, T., Meerahb, T. S. M., & Aziz, Z. (2010). Mathematics Skills Difficulties: A Mixture of Intricacies. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 7(C), 171-180.

Umbara, U., Wahyudin., & Prabawanto, S. (2021b). Exploring Ethnomathematics with Ethnomodeling Methodological Approach: How Does Cigugur Indigenous People Using Calculations to Determine Good Day to Build Houses. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 17(2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/9673.

Unlu, M., Ertekin, E., & Dilmac, B. (2017). Predicting Relationships between Mathematics Anxiety, Mathematics Teaching Anxiety, Self-efficacy Beliefs towards Mathematics and Mathematics Teaching. International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 636-636. https://doi.org/10.21890/ijres.328096.

Urohmah, A., Yuhana, Y., Novaliyosi. (2025). Development of Banten Culture-Based Animated Video Learning Media to Enhance Mathematical Concept Understanding. EMTEKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 6(2), 849-864. https://doi.org/10.24127/emteka.v6i2.8657

Verschaffel, L., Greer, B., & De Corte E. (2007). Whole Number Concepts and Operations. In: Lester FK (ed.) Second Handbook of Research on Mathematics Teaching and Learning (pp.557-628). IAP: Charlotte.

Whitney-Smith, R., Hurrell, D., & Day, L. (2022). The Role of Mathematics Education in Developing Students' 21st Century Skills, Competencies and STEM Capabilities. Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia, Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia (MERGA), 554-561.

Widjaja, W. (2013). The Use of Contextual Problems to Support Mathematical Learning. Journal on Mathematics Education, 4(2), 151-159. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.4.2.413.151-159.

Widodo, S. A., & Wahyudin. (2018). Selection of Learning Media Mathematics for Junior School Students. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology - TOJET, 17(1), 154-160.

Witherspoon, T., & Causey, C. (2024). What is Math: Exploring and Impacting Students' Perceptions of Mathematics. Excellence in Education Journal, 13(1), 5-19.

Yanti, S. (2025). The Role of Ethnomathematics in Enhancing Contextual Mathematics Understanding Among Students. IJHABS | International Journal of Humanity Advance, Business & Sciences, 2(4), 321-330.

Zimmerman, B. J. (2000).Self-Efficacy: An Essential Motive to Learn. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 82-91. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1016.

Zainudin, M., Amin, A. K., Fatah, D. A. (2022), Understanding Elementary School Students’ Errors in Completing Number Operations. 5th International Conference on Education and Social Science Research (ICESRE), KnE Social Sciences, 592-602. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v7i19.12478.

Downloads

Published

2025-12-09

How to Cite

Arisetyawan, A., Fauzi, I., Maulana, F. R., Supriadi, S., & Chano, J. (2025). Development of an Ethnomathematics-Based Snakes and Ladders Game Media Integrating Banten Cultural Context for Teaching Number Operations in Elementary School. Jurnal Kependidikan : Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Dan Kajian Kepustakaan Di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran, Dan Pembelajaran, 11(4), 1491–1502. https://doi.org/10.33394/jk.v11i4.17984

Issue

Section

Articles

Citation Check