Jurnal Kependidikan : Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Kajian Kepustakaan di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran, dan Pembelajaran
Journal Title Jurnal Kependidikan : Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Kajian Kepustakaan di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran, dan Pembelajaran English Title Journal of Education: Journal of Research and Library Studies in Education, Teaching, and Learning Initials JK Abbreviation j. kependidikan. has. penelit. kaji. kepustakaan. bid. pendidik. pengjaran. n.a. Frequency 4 issues per year (March, June, September, & December) DOI by Crossref Prefix 10.33394 ISSN 2442-7667 (Online) Accreditation SINTA 2 based on the Decree of the Directorate General of Higher Education, Research, and Technology of Indonesia Number : 0385/E5.3/KI.02.00/2022 Publisher LPPM Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika (UNDIKMA) Indexed Sinta | <a href="https://doaj.org/toc/2442-7667?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22filtered%22%3A%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22terms%22%3A%7B%22index.issn.exact%22%3A%5B%222442-7667%22%5D%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%22query%22%3A%7B%22match_all%22%3A%7B%7D%7D%7D%7D%2C%22size%22%3A100%2C%22sort%22%3A%5B%7B%22created_date%22%3A%7B%22order%22%3A%22desc%22%7D%7D%5D%2C%22_source%22%3A%7B%7D%7D" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> DOAJ | Google Scholar | Garuda Jurnal Kependidikan (JK) : Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Kajian Kepustakaan di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran, dan Pembelajaran is scientific journal published by LPPM Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika (UNDIKMA). It has been published since 2015 with ISSN: 2442-7667 (Online). JK contains scientific articles from research and critical review in Education, Teaching and Learning. Language used in this journal are Indonesian and English (Preferred). JK is available for free (open access) to all readers. Please read this guideline carefully! Every manuscript sent to the editorial office of the journal ought to follow the writing guidelines. If the manuscript does not meet with the author guidelines or any manuscript written in a different format, the article will BE REJECTED before further review. Only submitted manuscripts that meet the journal's format will be processed further.
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Unpacking the Link Between Work-Integrated Learning and Graduate Work Readiness: The Mediating Role of Student Commitment
This study aims to investigate the relationship between Work-Integrated Learning (WIL) and graduate work readiness, with a particular focus on the mediating role of student commitment as a key psychological mechanism in the learning process. Employing a quantitative cross-sectional design, data were collected from 367 undergraduate students enrolled in economics-related study programs at universities in Indonesia who had completed recognized Work-Integrated Learning (WIL) programs. Respondents were selected using proportional random sampling, and the data were analyzed using PLS-SEM. The findings reveal that WIL positively influences student commitment (β = 0.52) and work readiness (β = 0.21). Student commitment also demonstrates a positive effect on work readiness (β = 0.47) and partially mediates the relationship between WIL and work readiness (β = 0.24). These findings indicate a positive and significant relationship between experiential learning and learning outcomes, emphasizing that the effectiveness of WIL depends on students’ active psychological engagement. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence that student commitment serves as a critical pedagogical mechanism in transforming experiential learning into meaningful learning outcomes and offers practical implications for the design of WIL-based learning models that foster engagement, reflection, and sustainable competence development.
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Entrepreneurship Education and Perceived Economic Opportunities as Determinants of Students’ Entrepreneurial Decisions: The Mediating Role of Risk-Taking Behavior
This study aims to examine the influence of entrepreneurship education and perceived economic opportunities on students’ entrepreneurial decisions through risk-taking behavior as a mediating variable. This research integrates the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Behavioral Finance Theory (BFT) to explain how knowledge, opportunity perception, and psychological attitudes toward risk shape entrepreneurial decision-making among students. A quantitative approach was employed using a structured questionnaire distributed to university students in Semarang City who had participated in entrepreneurship courses. A total of 104 valid responses were analyzed using SEM-PLS, with respondents selected through a purposive sampling technique based on specific research criteria. The results indicate that entrepreneurship education and perceived economic opportunities have positive and significant effects on students’ risk-taking behavior. Furthermore, risk-taking behavior significantly influences students’ entrepreneurial decisions. The analysis also confirms that risk-taking behavior partially mediates the relationship between entrepreneurship education, perceived economic opportunities, and students’ entrepreneurial decisions. These findings highlight that entrepreneurial decisions among students are influenced not only by entrepreneurial knowledge and opportunity recognition but also by psychological readiness to take risks in uncertain economic conditions.
A Comparative Study of Students’ Attitudes toward Mathematics in Southeast Asia: Evidence from Indonesia and Thailand
This study aims to explain students' attitudes toward mathematics in Southeast Asia, focusing on Indonesia and Thailand. Students' attitudes towards mathematics significantly influence their learning success and academic motivation. This quantitative study involved 494 secondary school students from Indonesia and Thailand. The instrument used was the Fennema-Sherman Mathematics Attitude Scales (F-SMAS) questionnaire with a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings indicate that gender did not show substantial differences in Indonesia and Thailand at the secondary school level, but country of origin did. in Indonesia and Thailand at the secondary school level showed more positive attitudes towards mathematics than Thai students as seen from the higher average scores in self-confidence (Indo: 3.57, Thai: 3.11), greater maternal support (Indo: 3.67, Thai: 3.25), more optimistic perceptions about the usefulness of mathematics better preposition more optimistic perceptions of the usefulness of mathematics (Indo: 3.78, Thai: 3.39), and higher motivation (Indo: 3.32, Thai: 3.12). While there were no significant gender differences between the two countries, the stereotype of mathematics as a male domain was more pronounced in Indonesia (Indo: 3.55, Thai: 3.31), highlighting critical areas for intervention in the education system and the promotion of inclusive attitudes toward mathematics. These findings are expected to enhance the formulation of more contextual educational policies and encourage greater interest and achievement in mathematics among students in the Southeast Asian region.
Bridging Culture and Mathematics: Exploring Teachers’ Needs for Culturally Relevant Digital Resources in Primary Schools
This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and user acceptance of the Matematika Berbudaya e-book as a culturally responsive digital resource for primary mathematics learning in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This study used a design and development research method with a field trial evaluation to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and perceived pedagogical value. A field trial involved 10 teachers and school leaders who completed a 26-item five-point questionnaire with an open-ended comment, and 89 students who completed a 20-item four-point questionnaire after using the e-book. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize item-level means and response distributions, and internal consistency was examined with Cronbach’s alpha. Teachers reported strong endorsement of value integration and meaningful learning (M = 4.80 and 4.70), contextual and cultural integration (highest M = 4.90), and perceived usefulness and access (M from 4.50 to 4.60). Students also responded positively, with an overall mean of 3.3494 and responses concentrated in the upper categories (scores 3 and 4). The combined results indicate that the e-book is perceived as culturally meaningful, practically usable, and supportive of engaging learning experiences. These findings provide an empirical basis for refining instructional wording, layout cues, and navigation, and for informing the development of culturally grounded digital materials that align with Kurikulum Merdeka and principles of culturally responsive teaching.
Fragmented AI Adoption in Indonesian Special Education: An Adaptive Multi-Layer Iterative Model for Differentiated Instruction in Intellectual Disability Contexts
This study aims to investigate patterns of AI utilization for students with intellectual disabilities and develop the Adaptive Multi-Layer Iterative Model (AMLIM) as a conceptual framework for integrating AI into differentiated instruction practices for students with intellectual disabilities in Indonesia. Using a qualitative-dominant mixed-methods design, this study combines systematic literature synthesis and survey data from 80 special education teachers from public and private special schools across multiple provinces in Indonesia, predominantly West Java and South Sumatra. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic synthesis. Results show that 81.5% of teachers perceived AI as beneficial for instructional material development, but only 30.9% had received formal AI-related training, while 85.2% relied primarily on social media for AI-related knowledge. Although 64.2% adapted AI-generated materials to students’ individual needs, implementation remains fragmented and concentrated in instructional preparation rather than systematic assessment and documentation. To address these limitations, this study proposes the Adaptive Multi-Layer Iterative Model (AMLIM), a feedback-based framework integrating pedagogical processes, adaptive personalization, assessment documentation, and governance structures. The model promotes a more systematic, documented, and accountable approach to AI-supported differentiated instruction in special education.
Strengthening Computational Thinking Skills through Blended Learning, Digital Literacy and Learning Environment: The Role of Learning Motivation as a Mediating Variable
This study aims to examine the effects of blended learning, digital literacy, and the learning environment on students' computational thinking skills, with learning motivation as a mediating variable. A quantitative approach was employed, employing Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS. The study involved 215 high school students selected through purposive sampling, specifically students with experience in digital and blended learning environments. Data were collected using a questionnaire covering indicators of blended learning, digital literacy, learning environment, learning motivation, and computational thinking skills. Data analysis included external model testing for validity and reliability using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and model testing using path coefficients, R-squared, and mediation analysis. The findings indicated that blended learning significantly influenced computational thinking skills (β = 0.059; p = 0.009) and learning motivation (β = 0.167; p = 0.001). The learning environment also showed a significant influence on computational thinking (β = 0.199; p = 0.008) and learning motivation (β = 0.471; p < 0.001). Learning motivation had the strongest direct influence on computational thinking (β = 0.509; p < 0.001). The SEM-PLS model showed adequate predictive power, with R-square values of 0.541 for computational thinking and 0.464 for learning motivation. Mediation analysis showed that learning motivation significantly mediated the relationship between blended learning and computational thinking (β = 0.085; p < 0.001), as well as the learning environment and computational thinking (β = 0.240; p < 0.001). However, the mediation effect between digital literacy and computational thinking was not significant (β = 0.023; p = 0.752), indicating that digital literacy directly influences computational thinking through students' cognitive and information processing abilities. This finding highlights the importance of integrating technology-based learning, a supportive learning environment, and motivational factors to strengthen computational thinking skills.
Hope and Future Orientation: A Phenomenological Study of Vocational High School Students’ Psychological Dynamics in Yogyakarta
This study aims to describe the psychological dynamics of vocational high school (SMK) students in constructing hope and future orientation. A qualitative approach with a phenomenological design was employed to explore the lived experiences of students conducted in a vocational high school setting in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with eleventh-grade students and limited participatory observation, and were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The findings indicate that students’ hope is not understood as an abstract projection of the future, but rather as a concrete life goal oriented toward economic independence and readiness to assume adult roles. Students’ future orientation develops dynamically through processes of internal conflict, adaptation, self-acceptance, and the formation of alternative planning strategies. The results also reveal anxiety related to work readiness due to limited practical training and inadequate learning facilities. Nevertheless, students demonstrate psychological resilience by maintaining hope and engaging in adaptive efforts to face the future. This study recommends that policymakers evaluate the zoning system and improve practice facilities, and that educational counselors provide early career orientation services.
Understanding Academic Procrastination Through a Moderated Mediation Framework: Examining Self-Efficacy, Motivation, and Self-Regulated Learning
This study aims to analyze the influence of academic self-efficacy and learning motivation on academic procrastination with self-regulated learning as a mediating variable and academic pressure as a moderation variable. This study uses a quantitative approach with an explanatory method. The population of this study is all students of grade XI Social Studies with a sample of 124 students determined by simple random sampling technique. Data collection used a likert scale questionnaire and analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS). The results of the study showed that academic self-efficacy and learning motivation had a negative and significant effect on academic procrastination. Self-regulated learning has a significant effect and has been proven to mediate the relationship between academic self-efficacy and learning motivation to academic procrastination. In the moderation test, academic pressure did not moderate the relationship between academic self-efficacy and academic procrastination, but it strengthened the relationship between learning motivation and academic procrastination. This finding indicates that learning motivation is more responsive to academic demands, whereas academic self-efficacy tends to function as a relatively stable internal belief. These findings contribute to the development of adaptive learning strategies oriented towards student learning independence.
Developing the MONESI Educational Game Integrating Surabaya Semanggi Local Wisdom to Enhance Students’ Critical Thinking Skills
This study aims to develop valid and effective problem-based learning media integrated with the local wisdom of Surabaya clover plants to train students' critical thinking skills, called MONESI (Monopoli Education Semanggi). This study uses a research and development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model, which consists of the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The subjects of this study were 36 tenth-grade high school students in Surabaya. The research instruments used included a validation sheet and a critical thinking skills test. Data analysis techniques included descriptive validity analysis, Aiken’s V validity index analysis, Cronbach’s alpha reliability test, and Paired-Samples T-Test analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics version 27.0. The results of the study indicate that the MONESI game achieved an average validity score of 3.87 across all assessment aspects, which falls within the high validity (HV) category, with an average validity index of 0.960 (≥ 0.75), while the Cronbach’s alpha reliability test yielded a value of 0.842 (≥ 0.5). Based on these two results, it can be concluded that the MONESI game has a high level of reliability and is suitable for use as a learning medium. Analysis of the critical thinking skills test results using the t-test yielded a significance value of 0.00 < 0.05, indicating a significant improvement in students’ critical thinking skills following the implementation of the MONESI game. This improvement was evident across all critical thinking indicators: interpretation (0.16), analysis (0.23), inference (0.26), explanation (0.27), and evaluation (0.37). Thus, the MONESI game can be considered effective in developing students’ critical thinking skills regarding the topic of water pollution.
Self-Determination in English Learning among Visually Impaired Students: The Role of an AI-Based Braille Audio Dictionary
This study aims to analyze the self-determination of visually impaired students in learning English through the use of a Braille dictionary equipped with Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based audio, viewed from the perspective of Self-Determination Theory (SDT), which includes autonomy, competence, and relatedness. The research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through interviews with visually impaired students, teachers, and parents and analyzed using thematic analysis through coding procedures. The findings indicate that the competence dimension appeared most dominantly, followed by autonomy, which reflects increased learner independence through the use of assistive technology. The improvement in competence was mainly influenced by the natural and clear AI-generated pronunciation, which enabled students to repeatedly listen to, imitate, and self-correct English pronunciation independently. In addition, the ease of accessing audio through the integrated Braille dictionary supported students’ confidence and learning autonomy. Meanwhile, relatedness emerged through interactions with teachers and parents, although it was relatively limited. These findings suggest that the Braille dictionary with AI-based audio has the potential to enhance accessibility, learner independence, and English learning abilities among visually impaired students, thereby supporting more inclusive learning practices.
Online Green Entrepreneurship Education: Exploring Competencies, Intentions, and Learning Barriers
This study aims to explore students’ green entrepreneurial competencies, entrepreneurial intentions, and learning barriers within the implementation of Online-Based Green Entrepreneurship Education (GEE) in higher education. This study conducted a preliminary qualitative exploration of the model implementation through semi-structured interviews with lecturers and open-ended questionnaires administered to students in an online Bioentrepreneurship course. Thematic analysis was conducted to assess entrepreneurial competencies, learning barriers, and entrepreneurial intentions. To ensure the credibility of the findings, source triangulation was employed by comparing and cross-validating themes derived from lecturer interviews and student open-ended questionnaire responses. The results indicate that students possess adequate basic knowledge and sustainability values; however, practical skills, systems-thinking abilities, and real-world entrepreneurial experience remain limited due to the characteristics of online learning and restricted access to hands-on activities. The main barriers include financial constraints, lack of green facilities, limited understanding of markets and policies, and insufficient mentoring support. Although students demonstrate positive green entrepreneurial intentions, a gap between intention and actual behavior persists, influenced by low self-efficacy and weak structural support. These findings highlight the importance of improving the implementation of online GEE to better support students’ green entrepreneurial competencies, intentions, and entrepreneurial readiness in higher education.
Bridging Borders in English Education: Comparing Teaching Practicum Experiences of Indonesian and Filipino Student Interns
This study aims to explore and compare the teaching practicum experiences of Indonesian and Filipino student interns in secondary schools in the Philippines, with a focus on institutional support, challenges encountered, and the development of teaching competence. Employing a qualitative comparative design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with Indonesian student interns participating in the SEA-Teacher Program who completed an international practicum, as well as Filipino pre-service teachers undertaking domestic practicum programs at Capiz State University. The interview data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal that Indonesian participants primarily experienced challenges related to language confidence, intercultural communication, and adaptation to an ESL environment, whereas Filipino participants benefited more from sustained pedagogical mentoring and encountered challenges associated with classroom management and learner diversity. Despite these differences, both groups demonstrated adaptive teaching strategies and meaningful professional growth through reflective classroom experiences. Indonesian participants exhibited stronger development in intercultural awareness and professional identity, while Filipino participants demonstrated greater pedagogical refinement and instructional effectiveness. These findings highlight the influence of sociolinguistic context, institutional familiarity, and cross-cultural engagement on professional learning during teaching practicum. The study also emphasizes the importance of strengthening mentoring systems, intercultural preparation, and language readiness in international teaching internship programs.
Modeling Economics Learning Outcomes in the Digital Era: The interplay of Digital Literacy, Peer Collaboration, and Self-Regulated Learning
This study aims to analyze the effects of digital literacy, peer collaboration, and self-regulated learning on the Economics learning outcomes of senior high school students. The study employed a quantitative explanatory approach using a cross-sectional survey design. The population consisted of 180 students, from which a sample of 124 students was selected through simple random sampling. Data on digital literacy, peer collaboration, and self-regulated learning were collected using questionnaires, while data on Economics learning outcomes were obtained from school academic records. The data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with the assistance of SmartPLS. The results showed that digital literacy had a positive and significant effect on Economics learning outcomes (β = 0.443, p < .001). Peer collaboration also demonstrated a positive and significant effect on Economics learning outcomes (β = 0.406, p < .001). In addition, self-regulated learning had a positive and significant effect on Economics learning outcomes (β = 0.122, p = .033). The model explained 62.8% of the variance in Economics learning outcomes (R² = 0.628), indicating moderate explanatory power. These findings suggest that students’ Economics learning outcomes are influenced by their ability to utilize digital learning resources effectively, engage in meaningful academic interaction with peers, and regulate their learning processes independently. Based on these findings, Economics instruction should be designed to emphasize the effective use of digital learning resources, strengthen collaborative learning activities among students, and promote the development of self-regulated learning practices throughout the learning process.
Development of a GERANA E-Module Using Book Creator for Elementary Dance Education
This study aims to develop, determine the feasibility, and examine the effectiveness of the GERANA E-Module assisted by the Book Creator application in dance education. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model. The research subjects consisted of material experts, media experts, teachers, and fourth-grade elementary school students. Data were collected through interviews, observations, questionnaires, tests, and documentation and were analyzed using quantitative descriptive techniques. The development process resulted in the GERANA E-Module, which features text, images, and interactive videos. The novelty of the module lies in the integration of natural phenomenon-based movement concepts into elementary dance education. The validation results showed scores of 91.4% from material experts and 96% from media experts, both of which were categorized as highly feasible. The effectiveness of the module was evaluated using pretest and posttest data analyzed through normality tests, t-tests, and N-gain analysis. The t-test results showed a significance value of Sig. (2-tailed) < 0.001, indicating a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores, while the N-gain score of 0.5733 was categorized as moderate. In conclusion, the GERANA E-Module is highly feasible and effective in improving students’ motor skills in dance learning, particularly in the topic of understanding the environment through dance among fourth-grade elementary school students.
Development of Deep Learning-Based Instructional Tools to Enhance Conceptual Understanding of Cultural Diversity Learning in Elementary Schools
This study aims to develop and examine the effectiveness of deep learning-based instructional tools, consisting of a teaching module and Google Sites-based learning media, in improving elementary school students’ conceptual understanding of cultural diversity. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model and was conducted with 34 fourth-grade students at SDN Gerendong 2, Banten, Indonesia. Data were collected through validation sheets, observations, and learning outcome tests and were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired-sample t-tests. The results showed that the developed instructional tools were highly valid, with Aiken’s V coefficients ranging from 0.88 to 0.94 and validation percentages exceeding 90% across the material, media, and language aspects. The paired-sample t-test results indicated a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores (p < 0.001), with an average N-gain score of 0.63, which falls into the moderate category, and a very large effect size (Cohen’s d = 4.02). These findings demonstrate that the instructional tools effectively improved students’ conceptual understanding. Furthermore, the results indicate that deep learning-based instructional tools integrated with digital media can enhance meaningful and student-centered learning. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on instructional design by providing empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of combining teaching modules and web-based media. It also offers practical implications for teachers in implementing innovative learning strategies that promote conceptual understanding in elementary education.
Indonesian Language Attrition and Obstacles in Indonesian Diaspora Children in a Multilingual Environment: A Neuropsycholinguistic Perspective
This study aims to analyze the language barriers experienced by Indonesian diaspora children in Mindanao in learning Indonesian for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) from a neuropsycholinguistic perspective by identifying the forms of decline in Indonesian language competence and the neurocognitive factors influenced by a multilingual environment. The study employed a qualitative approach using a Research and Development (R&D) design based on the 4D model, with a particular focus on the define stage. The research subjects consisted of seven students and two teachers at the Indonesian School of Davao, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and document analysis and were analyzed using an interactive model involving data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the language barriers experienced by the participants included difficulties in syntactic structure, tense usage, language registers, and code-mixing caused by interference from Visayan and Tagalog. Contrastive analysis revealed that differences in sentence patterns (S-V-O vs. V-S-O) and grammatical systems were the primary sources of errors. From a neuropsycholinguistic perspective, these barriers were associated with limitations in working memory, attention, and lexical representation, which were influenced by limited exposure to the Indonesian language. The findings also showed that the students’ receptive and expressive language abilities remained limited, particularly in command comprehension, vocabulary mastery, and verbal memory. This study contributes theoretically to the enrichment of neuropsycholinguistic studies in the context of diaspora children and language learning. Practically, the findings provide a foundation for designing BIPA instruction that is adaptive, contextual, and aligned with learners’ neurocognitive characteristics.
Family Counselling Model Based on 3S Values (Sipakatau, Sipakainge, and Sipakalebbi) for Strengthening Positive Character in Junior High School Students
This study aims to explore the integration of Luwu’s local wisdom values, namely Sipakatau, Sipakainge, and Sipakalebbi (3S), into family counselling as a strategy for strengthening the positive character of junior high school students. The study employed an exploratory qualitative descriptive approach to investigate parents’ experiences and perspectives regarding the implementation of these values in family life. The research participants consisted of parents of junior high school students from a junior high school in Palopo City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, who were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The results showed that the values of Sipakatau, Sipakainge, and Sipakalebbi had been internalized and consistently applied within families through daily interactions. Parents emphasized the importance of mutual respect, guidance, and openness to feedback as key strategies in shaping children’s behavior. The integration of these values contributed to improving the quality of communication within the family and supported the development of positive character traits among students, such as politeness, empathy, responsibility, openness, and emotional control. Despite challenges, including parental workload and external environmental influences, these values remain relevant in the context of contemporary family life. These findings indicate that integrating Luwu’s local wisdom values into family counselling represents a culturally grounded approach that is effective in strengthening character education and optimizing the role of families in student development.
Development of STEAM-Based Learning Tools Integrated with the Techno-Analogy Inquiry Model to Enhance Elementary Students’ Scientific Thinking Skills
This study aims to develop STEAM-based learning tools integrated with the Techno-Analogy Inquiry (TAI) model to enhance elementary school students’ scientific thinking skills. The novelty of the TAI model lies in its integration of inquiry processes with technology-supported analogical reasoning, which serves as a cognitive bridge to help students connect abstract scientific concepts with familiar real-life experiences. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model. The participants consisted of 29 fifth-grade students. Data were collected through expert validation of the content, language, and media aspects conducted by four experts using a 4-point Likert scale, as well as through pretest–posttest assessments, observations, and student response questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, N-gain analysis, and paired-sample t-tests. The results indicate that the developed learning tools are highly feasible, with an average validation score of 87.5%. Students’ scientific thinking skills improved significantly, as reflected in the increase in the mean score from 47 on the pretest to 84 on the posttest. The N-gain score of 0.68 falls within the moderate-to-high category. Furthermore, the paired-sample t-test results revealed a statistically significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores (p < 0.001). These findings suggest that the integration of STEAM, inquiry-based learning, and technology-supported analogical reasoning through the TAI model is effective in enhancing students’ scientific thinking skills and in providing a more meaningful and conceptually accessible learning experience.
A Multidimensional Mapping of Early Childhood Teachers’ Assessment Literacy and Barriers to Authentic Assessment Implementation: Evidence from Semarang City
This study aims to map the level of assessment literacy among early childhood education (ECE) teachers in Semarang City and to identify the challenges associated with implementing authentic assessment. The study employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive design. The sample consisted of 583 ECE teachers selected through proportionate random sampling. The instrument used was a Likert-scale questionnaire measuring five dimensions: assessment understanding, planning and implementation, recording and data processing, supporting and inhibiting factors, and professional development. The questionnaire was developed based on construct validity procedures and pilot-tested on 30 respondents. Of the initial 31 statement items, 23 were declared valid, with validity coefficients ranging from 0.392 to 0.691. The reliability test produced a Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of 0.871, indicating high reliability. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including percentages and frequency distributions. The findings indicate that teachers’ assessment literacy is at a moderate level, with stronger technical competence than conceptual and analytical competence. Teachers still experience difficulties in understanding fundamental assessment concepts, determining developmental indicators, and interpreting assessment results for instructional decision-making. In addition, major challenges arise from structural factors, such as limited time, inadequate facilities, insufficient institutional support, and unequal access to professional development opportunities. This study contributes by providing a multidimensional profile of assessment literacy encompassing conceptual, technical, analytical, structural, and professional aspects. The findings may serve as a foundation for the development of a contextual play-based assessment model.
Scratch-Assisted Interactive Learning Media for Fraction Learning: A Development Study on Fourth-Grade Students’ Mathematical Representation Skills
This study aims to develop interactive learning media based on the Scratch website, designed according to the learning needs and mathematical representation abilities of fourth-grade elementary school students on the topic of fractions. Employing a Research and Development (R&D) framework using the ADDIE model, the study focused on the design, expert validation, and formative evaluation stages. The participants consisted of 51 students and 11 teachers from SDN Manyaran 02, Semarang, Central Java, involved in the limited implementation phase. The instruments used included a needs analysis questionnaire, content expert and media expert validation sheets, teacher and student response questionnaires, and documentation of student quiz results. The data were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The results showed that the developed media obtained a content expert validation score of 92.3% and a media expert validation score of 98%, both categorized as highly suitable. During the limited implementation phase, the teacher response rate reached 93%, while the student response rate reached 91.5%, both of which fell into the “highly suitable” category. Furthermore, the distribution of student quiz scores indicated positive learning outcomes, with an average score of 89.02. These findings suggest that the Scratch-based learning media aligns with students’ learning needs, is practical to implement, and has the potential to support the enhancement of mathematical representation abilities among elementary school students.
Strategic Learning Management and Transformational Leadership in Shaping Inclusive School Culture: A Systematic Literature Review of Educational Sociology
This study aims to examine how the transformational leadership of school principals fosters an inclusive school climate, how strategic learning management enhances teachers’ capacity to respond to student diversity, and how the integration of both contributes to the development of a sustainable inclusive ecosystem. The study employed a systematic literature review method following the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 42 articles were selected from 847 search results retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar published between 2015 and 2024. The data were analyzed using thematic synthesis through systematic coding, categorization, and cross-study comparison to identify patterns of leadership practices, learning management strategies, and the construction of inclusive school culture. The findings reveal a consistent and substantial positive relationship between transformational leadership practices and inclusive learning management. Leadership interventions were found to function as strategic mediators in strengthening teachers’ adaptive capacity toward student diversity and in shaping an inclusive school culture. Furthermore, the synthesis highlights that effective collaboration between leadership and learning management practices supports the sustainability of inclusive education ecosystems. Based on these findings, this study proposes a comprehensive inclusive synergy model that extends Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of habitus and social capital within the context of inclusive schools in Indonesia.
Evaluating the GASING Method Training on Teachers’ Mathematical Competence and Intrinsic Motivation in Papua: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of an intensive GASING method (Gampang, Asyik, dan Menyenangkan: Easy, Fun, and Enjoyable) training program in enhancing mathematical competence and intrinsic motivation among elementary school teachers in Papua, analyzed through the lens of Self-Determination Theory (SDT). A pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design, supplemented by qualitative analysis, was employed. Thirty-one teachers in Jayapura completed a 17-day (more than 130 hours) intensive program at Cenderawasih University. The study used a 100-point mathematical competence test (validated by the Surya Institute) and trainers’ daily journals as research instruments. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, N-gain scores (Hake, 1999), and Cohen’s d effect size, while qualitative data from journals were analyzed thematically within the framework of Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to explore changes in participants’ psychological motivation. The results demonstrated a substantial increase in mathematical competence, with a mean gain of 55.58 points (from 38.52 to 94.10; +144.3%), an N-gain score of g = 0.904 (high category), and a large effect size (Cohen’s d = 3.41). All five mathematical components and all four instructional groups consistently achieved high N-gain scores (g = 0.854–0.936). The qualitative findings indicate that the program’s effectiveness was grounded in the systematic fulfillment of the three core psychological needs of SDT: competence (through structured mastery progression), autonomy (through opportunities for creative agency), and relatedness (through the formation of a collective identity as “Smart Papua”). Gamification elements, music, chants, and structured practice reduced anxiety while fostering sustained intrinsic motivation. These findings contribute to the extension of Self-Determination Theory in collectivist cultural contexts and offer practical implications for transformative teacher professional development in Eastern Indonesia.
Visionary Leadership and Knowledge Management in Strengthening Organizational Resilience: Evidence from Higher Education Institutions
This study aims to analyze the influence of visionary leadership and knowledge management on organizational resilience at Politeknik LP3I Jakarta in responding to the complex and uncertain dynamics of the vocational education environment. The study employed a quantitative approach using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS. The respondents consisted of 120 managerial personnel at Politeknik LP3I Jakarta, including top-level leaders, middle managers, and academic administrators, selected through proportionate random sampling. The research instrument used was a questionnaire. The results indicate that visionary leadership has a positive and significant effect on organizational resilience. Knowledge management also has a significant influence, although with a relatively small effect size. The coefficient of determination (R² = 0.733) suggests that 73.3% of the variation in organizational resilience at Politeknik LP3I Jakarta can be explained by these two independent variables, indicating a strong explanatory power of the model. These findings highlight the importance of future-oriented leadership and effective knowledge management in enhancing an institution’s ability to sustain, adapt, and grow continuously in the face of dynamic environmental challenges.
Development of the Interactive Learning in Traditional Games (ILinG) Model in the Game “Sluku-sluku Bathok” as a Tool for Meaningful Learning in the Society 5.0 Era
This study aims to develop and test the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of the Interactive Learning in Traditional Games (ILinG) model as a means of promoting meaningful learning in the Society 5.0 era. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE framework, which consists of the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The research was conducted in an elementary school in the Sidoarjo region. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires, document analysis, and tests, and were analyzed using mixed-methods techniques to obtain comprehensive findings. Based on expert validation results, the developed model demonstrated a very high level of feasibility. The material expert provided an average score of 3.74, categorized as “very feasible,” while the design expert assigned a score of 3.63, also categorized as “very feasible.” In addition, the linguistic validation obtained a score of 3.77, which likewise falls into the “very feasible” category. In terms of practicality, small-group testing (5 students) resulted in a score of 93.57%, while large-group testing (12 students) yielded 80.95%, indicating that the ILinG model is highly practical for classroom implementation. Regarding effectiveness, t-test analysis revealed a significant difference in mean scores between the control group (71.33) and the experimental group (89.21). The statistical test showed a significance value (p < 0.05), indicating that the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. These findings confirm that (1) the ILinG model has a significant positive effect on students’ meaningful learning, and (2) the model is highly effective as a learning intervention to enhance meaningful learning in the Society 5.0 era.
Gender-Based Entrepreneurship Education as a Strategy for Inclusive and Sustainable Women's Creative Economy Development in Jember Regency
This study aims to examine how gender-based entrepreneurship education (GBEE) can support the inclusive and sustainable development of women’s creative economy in Jember Regency, East Java. The study employed a qualitative phenomenological approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis involving 12 participants, including women entrepreneurs, educators, policymakers, and academics. The data were analyzed thematically through data immersion, open coding, category development, and theme construction. The findings identify four main themes: (1) persistent gender barriers in entrepreneurship education, including sociocultural restrictions, gender-insensitive curricula, and limited access to resources; (2) adaptive pedagogical strategies integrating situated learning, peer mentoring, and digital literacy; (3) the use of local creative economy sectors—such as batik, coffee agro-tourism, culinary arts, and fashion—as culturally relevant learning platforms; and (4) empowerment outcomes, including increased economic autonomy, stronger social capital, and improved negotiation capacity. The study concludes that GBEE not only strengthens women’s entrepreneurial skills but also contributes to shifts in household and community power relations. Collaboration among universities, government, and civil society is essential to implement gender-responsive entrepreneurship education aligned with SDG 5 and SDG 8.
Development of Gen-M Media Based on Active Learning Approach to Enhance Critical Thinking and Mutual Cooperation Characters in Mathematics Learning for Fifth-Grade Elementary Students
This study aims to develop Gen-M Media (Dragon Mathematics Educational Game), based on an active learning approach, that is valid, practical, and effective in enhancing students’ critical thinking skills and fostering cooperative character in mathematics learning among fifth-grade elementary school students. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The instruments used included validation sheets, questionnaires, observation sheets, and critical thinking tests. Validation sheets were administered to media experts, material experts, and practitioners to assess the validity and feasibility of the Gen-M media. Questionnaires were distributed to teachers and students to evaluate practicality. Observation sheets were used to assess the development of students’ cooperative character. In addition, pretests and posttests were used to measure critical thinking skills. The data were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative techniques. The results indicated that: (1) expert and practitioner validation categorized the media as “highly appropriate”; (2) practicality tests yielded scores of 95% from teachers and 91.17% from students, classified as “very practical”; and (3) quantitative analysis confirmed that the Gen-M media significantly improved students’ critical thinking skills by [insert value]% and fostered cooperative character development. In conclusion, the Gen-M media integrated with an active learning approach is a valid, practical, and effective instructional tool that positively influences both the cognitive and social competencies of elementary school students in mathematics education.
A Google Sites-Based Virtual Workspace Model for Enhancing the Efficiency of Teachers’ Administrative Tasks
This study aims to develop a Google Sites–based virtual workspace model to enhance the administrative efficiency of early childhood educators. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate) and applied a concurrent triangulation mixed-methods design. The research participants consisted of 13 kindergarten teachers at TK Kristen 03 Eben Haezer, Salatiga, Indonesia. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, non-participant observations, questionnaires, and pretest–posttest performance assessments. Qualitative data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, including data reduction, data display, and verification. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired-sample t-tests. The findings indicate that, prior to the intervention, teachers faced significant challenges, including limited time, fragmented data storage, and ineffective document archiving, resulting in substantial administrative workload demands. The developed virtual workspace integrates key Google Workspace tools (Google Drive, Docs, and Sheets) into a centralized, dashboard-style interface. Validation results confirmed high feasibility, with IT experts rating the system at 95.55% (“very valid”). Practicality assessments from teachers indicated a “very practical” category, while effectiveness testing showed a statistically significant improvement in administrative efficiency, with mean performance scores increasing from 11.76 to 17.53 (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates that a low-cost, integrated digital workspace can significantly reduce administrative burdens, offering a sustainable and scalable solution for resource-limited educational settings.
From Film to Classroom: A Feminist Analysis of Female Characters in “Home Sweet Loan” and Its Implications as Literary Enrichment Material in High School
This study aims to analyze the role of the main female character in the film Home Sweet Loan based on Naomi Wolf’s liberal feminist principles, which serve as a framework for interpreting the character’s representation, and to examine its implications as literary enrichment material in Indonesian language learning at the senior high school level. The feminist principles are identified through an analysis of the main character’s roles. This study employed a qualitative descriptive method to describe and interpret the meaning of the phenomenon in depth and systematically. The research data consisted of dialogues and scenes involving the main female character in the film Home Sweet Loan (2024). The researcher acted as the primary instrument (human instrument), while data were collected through observation and note-taking techniques. Content analysis was used to examine how the main female character performs various roles in life, which position her in a dual-role context. The findings indicate that the character’s roles can be classified into four domains of life as depicted in the film. From a feminist perspective, these roles reflect the principles of autonomy, equality, and rationality. The main character’s actions represent modern women who strive to determine their own life paths despite operating within a socially gender-biased system. These findings have practical implications for the development of literary enrichment materials in Indonesian language learning at the senior high school level, aligned with the learning outcomes of the Merdeka Curriculum, particularly in fostering students’ critical thinking skills in analyzing gender issues. The film Home Sweet Loan also addresses the limitations of existing literary teaching materials, which are often dominated by patriarchal perspectives, by offering a more contextual and gender-sensitive alternative.