Journal title Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia Initials H-JKK Abbreviation Hydrogen. Jurnal. Kependidikan. Kimia Frequency Bimonthly DOI 10.33394 ISSN 2338-6487 (Print) | 2656-3061 (Online) Editor-in-chief Yusran Khery Publisher Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, Mandalika University of Education Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia (Hydrogen: Journal of Chemistry Education, e-ISSN: 2656-3061 & p-ISSN: 2338-6487) is an open-access scientific periodical journal published by the Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, Mandalika University of Education. It contains research and review articles covering studies in chemistry education at schools, higher education, and communities and pure or applied studies in chemistry. All submitted manuscripts will be subjected to the peer-review process following a thorough inspection by the editors. The journal is published in both printed and online versions. The online version is free to access and download. Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia (Hydrogen: Journal of Chemistry Education) was first published in 2013. During the period of 2013-2022, Hydrogen was published twice a year (June and December). Due to a large amount of interest from the author, Hydrogen publishes bimonthly in February, April, June, August, October, and December starting by 2023. Authors across the globe are welcome to submit their papers to the prestigious journal by fulfilling the requisite criterion. Every manuscript sent to the editorial office of the journal ought to follow the writing guidelines. If the manuscript does not meet the guidelines or is written in a different format, the article will BE REJECTED before further review. Only submitted manuscripts that meet the journal's format will be processed further. Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia (Hydrogen: Journal of Chemistry Education) collaborated with: LPPM UNDIKMA This journal has been ACCREDITED by the National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology, Republic Indonesia with Fourth Grade (SINTA 4) starting from 2022 to 2026. Decree Number: 1429/E5.3/HM.01.01/2022 Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia (Hydrogen: Journal of Chemistry Education) provides immediate OPEN ACCESS to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. All published articles will be assigned with DOI (Digital Object Identifiers). The DOI of the journal is https://doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.xxxxx.xxxxÂ
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Effectiveness of Toulmin’s Argumentation Pattern (TAP) with Snowball Media on Student Learning Outcomes in Acid-Base
The enhancement of classroom learning achievements can be attained through the implementation of instructional approaches that are both efficient and aligned with students specific requirements. This study focuses to evaluate how effectively the integration of the Toulmin’s Argumentation Pattern (TAP) framework with snowball-based media on students achievement in acid-base material. The novelty of this study lies in the direct integration of snowball media within the TAP argumentative framework. Previous research has applied TAP or snowball separately, but no studies have combined both approaches into a single structured model, particularly for acid-base material. This integration introduces a new instructional innovation that merges systematic reasoning with interactive peer engagement. The TAP learning model will encourage students to develop structured reasoning and critical thinking, while snowball media is used to increase interaction between students through fun and collaborative question and answer activities. Pre-experimental research used a one group pretest-posttest design involving 36 students of class XI-D SMAN 7 Samarinda selected through purposive sampling based on class activity and schedule suitability. Data analysis included normality test, N-Gain, and effect size calculation. The average learning outcomes increased from 7.22 in the pretest to 69.16 in the posttest. The average N-Gain value is 0.67 indicate moderate improvement, while the Effect Size value is 4.91 showed a very high impact. These results confirm that TAP learning design combined with snowball media is highly effective in improving student learning outcomes on acid-base materials.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ariza Rafidah Husna, Maasje Chaterine Watulingas, Agung Rahmadani
Phytochemical Analysis of The Leaves, Roots, Stems, and Stem Bark of the Bengkal Plant (Nauclea subdita)
Bengkal (Nauclea subdita (Korth.) Steud) is a medicinal plant that has been traditionally used for various treatments and is known to contain a wide range of secondary metabolites. However, most previous studies have focused only on the leaves, so information regarding the phytochemical composition of other plant parts remains very limited. This research is important to provide a comprehensive overview of the bioactive contents in all morphological parts of N. subdita, which have the potential to support the development of biological and pharmacological applications, such as antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities commonly associated with alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. Secondary metabolite analysis was conducted on the leaves, roots, stems, and bark using phytochemical screening. Samples were collected from Ketapang, West Kalimantan, then dried, ground, and extracted using sequential maceration with n-hexane and ethanol. The extracts were subsequently fractionated with dichloromethane (DCM) at pH 3 and pH 9. Moisture content was determined using the gravimetric method. Phytochemical screening was carried out using standard qualitative tests, including Mayer’s and Wagner’s tests for alkaloids, color tests for flavonoids and phenolics, the Liebermann–Burchard test for triterpenoids, the FeCl₃ test for tannins, and the foam test for saponins. The results showed that all parts of the plant contain alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, and triterpenoids, although there were variations among extracts and fractions. Tannins were detected only in the leaves, while saponins were found in the leaves, roots, and stems. These findings confirm that all parts of N. subdita possess important biological potential due to the presence of major bioactive compounds that play a role in the development of herbal medicines and nature-based therapeutic agents. This information serves as a significant initial foundation for further pharmacological research.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rosiana Pitri, Masriani, Eka Kusuma Wardani, Hengki Kurniawan, Muhammad Rafif, Chesya Nabila
Antioxidant Capacity and Phytochemical Profile of Crescentia cujete L. Fruit Peel Extract from The Serang Region
Crescentia cujete is a plant commonly found in the Serang region; however, its fruit peel remains largely underutilized, and studies regarding its bioactivity potential are minimal. This research utilized dried, pulverized C. cujete fruit peel, which was extracted using the Soxhlet method with 96% ethanol to yield the ethanolic extract. Qualitative phytochemical screening was conducted to identify the secondary metabolite classes . Antioxidant capacity was measured using ABTS•⁺ radicals, and DPPH values were expressed as IC₅₀. Phytochemical results showed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, and saponins. The DPPH assay yielded a high IC50 value of 1166.68 ppm, classifying the extract as having very weak antioxidant activity. Conversely, the TEAC method demonstrated high antioxidant capacity, yielding a value of 171.37+4.03 mM TE/g. The significant difference between the two methods suggests that antioxidant effectiveness is strongly influenced by the radical and chemical properties of the constituent compounds. The novelty of this study lies in the comparative evaluation of the antioxidant activity of C. cujete fruit peel using two different radical systems and in the finding that the extract exhibits selective, strong activity against the ABTS radical. C. cujete fruit peel is potentially a source of natural antioxidants.
Molecular Docking and in Silico Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Peronemin As A Potential 17β-Hsd1 Inhibitor For Estrogen-Dependent Cancer Therapy
High levels of estradiol (E2) are important in the development of endometrial cancer. This hormone is mostly produced when the enzyme 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17β-HSD1) changes estrone (E1) into estradiol (E2). Inhibiting this enzyme can reduce estrogen production in cancers that rely on estrogen. This study examined three Peronemin derivatives (A2, A3, C1) as potential 17β-HSD1 inhibitors through detailed computer analysis. PASS predictions showed these compounds likely have antineoplastic activity (Pa > 0.85). Their physicochemical properties, based on Lipinski's rule, suggest they have good ADME profiles, with high gastrointestinal absorption and a predicted ability to cross the blood-brain barrier.Molecular docking results showed that all three compounds interacted stably with the 17β-HSD1 active site. Peronemin C1 had the strongest binding (ΔG = -6.56 kcal-mol-¹; Ki = 15.56 μM). Mapping the interactions revealed that A2 formed hydrogen bonds with Tyr155, A3 formed hydrogen bonds with Lys159, and C1 exhibited strong hydrophobic interactions. The results suggest that Peronemin A2, A3, and especially C1 could be promising for further development as 17β-HSD1 inhibitors. However, further laboratory studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of these compounds and determine their practical application.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ratih Dyah Puspitasari, Indra Lasmana Tarigan
Phytochemical Screening of Strobilanthes crispa Leaf Extract Obtained by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) Method
The study was conducted to determine of secondary metabolite compounds in the ethanol extract of keji beling leaves (Strobilanthes crispa (L.). Keji beling leaves are known to possess pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer. These pharmacological effects are due to the presence of secondary metabolites. This study aims to investigate the secondary metabolite compounds contained in keji beling (S. crispa). Fresh keji beling leaves were dried, ground into powder, and extracted using 70% ethanol solvent using the Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) method. Phytochemical screening was carried out by adding reagents specific for secondary metabolites. The test results showed that the ethanol extract of keji beling leaves contained positive flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins, while the terpenoid test showed negative results. The presence of these metabolites indicates that keji beling leaves have the potential as a source of bioactive compounds and can be developed into raw materials for herbal medicine preparations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hasnaeni, Nurlina, Selpida Handayani, Andi Fara Anasya, Asyam Hafidz Wenni
Evaluating Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity and Toxicity of Cacao Pod Husk (Theobroma cacao L.) Fractions
This study aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic and cytotoxicity potential of ethyl acetate and acetone fractions from cocoa pod husk (Theobroma cacao L.). The cacao pod husks were extracted and fractionated using ethyl acetate and acetone solvent. The alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity was determined using Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-glucosidase with p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG) substrate. Toxicity was evaluated against Artemia salina larvae to determine the Lethal Concentration (LC50). The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction and acetone fraction had LC50 values of 202.31 ppm and 360.07 ppm, respectively, indicating potential cytotoxic activity. Both fractions demonstrated weak alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with inhibition percentages below 50% at the highest tested concentration (60 ppm), preventing the determination of IC50 values. These findings suggest that while the fractions possess bioactive potential indicated by toxicity, they may not be effective alpha-glucosidase inhibitors under the tested conditions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Iwan Sariyanto, Hartanti
Free-Radical Scavenging and In Vitro Anticancer Assay of Indonesian Black Garlic with Different Time Processing
The process of producing Black Garlic (BG) in Indonesia has not used a standard method and the right dosage. BG is produced through termal processing, compared with fresh garlic (FG) there are obvious changes in color, taste, and biological activities. BG was produced by different time of heating. Several studies have shown that BG has several pharmacological activities including antioxidants and anticancer. The aim of this research is to determine the optimal produced of BG to assess the potential antioxidant and anticancer activity. FG was heated at high temperature 60-70ºC with 85-95% humidity without any additives for various period of time which is 30, 40, 50, 60 days. Ethanol (EtOH) extract of BG 30; 40; 50 and 60 days and FG as a control were partionate with n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-buthanol (n-BuOH), and water then evaporated in 40 °C. Each extract of FG and BG were tested Free-radical scavenging and anticancer activity. Free-radical scavenging was determined by 1,1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and cytotoxicity of crude extract was tested by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)—2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay against MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. The result demonstrated that BG exhibited significantly enhanced radical scavenging activity compared to FG across different aging periods. Notably, EtOAc and n-hexane fractions obtained after 30, 40, and 60 days of thermal aging showed strong antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ values below 50 µg/mL. Importantly, this study demonstrates that a defined thermal aging duration of 30 days, combined with EtOAc fractionation, yields the most potent antioxidant fraction and the lowest IC₅₀ value (47.27 µg/mL) against MCF-7 cells, indicating that thermal aging time is a key determinant governing the antioxidant and anticancer potency of BG. These findings provide novel evidence linking controlled thermal aging parameters to the optimization of BG bioactivity, thereby offering a robust scientific basis for standardized BG processing with enhanced functional and therapeutic potential.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sandra Amalia Riyadi, Noviana Vanawati, Harra Ismi Farah, Aulia UI Hafizah, Uswatun Hasanah, Eka Herlina
Potent Antioxidant Activity of Renggak (Amomum dealbatum Roxb.) Fruit and Its Antibacterial Effect Against Klebsiella pneumoniae
This study investigates the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of ethanolic extracts of renggak fruit (Amomum dealbatum Roxb.), an edible plant traditionally consumed in Lombok, Indonesia. The novelty of this research lies in the evaluation of fruit extracts of A. dealbatum, which have been rarely studied compared to other plant parts, particularly in relation to antioxidant potency and antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, a clinically relevant pathogen associated with severe pneumonia and antibiotic resistance. Extraction was carried out using a maceration method with 96% ethanol under controlled temperature and duration to preserve thermolabile compounds. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging assay, yielding an IC₅₀ value of 10.33 ppm, indicating very strong antioxidant activity compared to other reported Amomum species. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the agar well diffusion method at extract concentrations of 20–100%, showing moderate inhibitory effects against K. pneumoniae with inhibition zones ranging from 7.34 to 9.48 mm. These findings highlight renggak fruit as a promising natural source of antioxidant and antibacterial agents, supporting their potential application as functional food ingredients or natural therapeutics.
Copyright (c) 2025 Baiq Ayu Aprilia Mustariani, Yuli Kusuma Dewi, Raohani, Sulistiyana
Examining the Role of a Structured Seminar Course in Developing Research Readiness of Pre-Service Physics Teachers
The training of preservice physics teachers to participate in educational research is a long-standing issue in physics teacher education. This investigation seeks to understand the effectiveness of a focused seminar course in facilitating research readiness across time and by performance-based assessment and analysis of a research portfolio. Twenty-six preservice physics education students attended a semester-long seminar course focusing on research problem identification, critical response to SINTA and Scopus indexed journals articles, proposal development, and academic communication. The growth in students’ development was studied using a phase-based analysis between the weekly assessment based on a Research Task Plan (RTM) and qualitative analysis of research portfolios. The answers provide evidence of a continuous development of students’ research competencies with less variation in performance over the course levels. Analysis of the portfolios also suggests a shift away from mostly descriptive engagement with research literature toward more critical and comparative disciplinary analysis. These results indicate that seminars, designed as scaffolded learning environments that are authentic can be pedagogically effective in bridging between coursework taken by undergraduates and research done independently especially in the context of physics teacher preparation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Taufik, Hikmawati, Ahmadi, Yusran Khery
Utilization of Rice Husk Waste in PVA-Based Hydrogel Formulation
The development of sustainable and cost-effective biomaterials is a primary focus in modern biomedical engineering. Addressing the critical need for circular economy solutions, this study introduces a novel ternary hydrogel composite integrating cellulose extracted from rice husk waste into a Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and Guar Gum (GG) matrix. Cellulose was successfully extracted through alkalization and bleaching processes, with FTIR analysis confirming the removal of lignin and hemicellulose. The optimization of the hydrogel matrix demonstrated that a composition of 12.5% PVA and 1% Guar Gum (F2) exhibited superior mechanical properties, achieving a Tensile Strength (TS) of 10.49 MPa and Elongation at Break (EB) of 271.17%. However, the incorporation of rice husk cellulose (F3) unexpectedly resulted in a significant reduction in mechanical integrity, with TS dropping to 5.48 MPa. Uniquely, this research elucidates the mechanistic origin of this trade-off: SEM analysis provided definitive evidence that the failure was attributed to severe cellulose agglomeration and poor interfacial adhesion, which acted as structural defects. Furthermore, the study reveals a critical artifact where structural failure correlated with an increased Swelling Ratio (245.8%), proving that the observed high-water uptake was driven by passive void filling rather than true network hydrophilicity. The study concludes that while rice husk is a viable source of cellulose, simple solution blending is insufficient for reinforcement. Future research must prioritize high-energy dispersion techniques to overcome agglomeration and realize the material's potential for biomedical applications.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gilar Wisnu Hardi, Sari Artauli Lumban Toruan, Nurohmat, Berlian Kusuma Dewi, Suci Nurjanah, Bachtiar Efendi, Winani
The Effectiveness of Nutrition Education and Utilization of Local Food Tokens in Reducing the Risk of CED and Anemia in Pregnant Women in Central Lombok
This study aimed to evaluate whether nutrition education combined with the use of a local food product, TOKEN (Tongkol–Kentang/Tuna-Potato), could improve maternal nutritional indicators and reduce the risk of chronic energy deficiency (CED) and anemia among pregnant women in Jelantik Village, Central Lombok, Indonesia. A quasi-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design was conducted under the supervision of the local community health center, from April to September. Fifteen pregnant women were recruited through consecutive sampling based on eligibility criteria (willingness to participate, no severe chronic disease affecting dietary intake, and ability to attend sessions). The intervention consisted of (1) nutrition education on CED and anemia prevention, and (2) hands-on training to prepare TOKEN nuggets with standardized hygienic procedures, followed by light mentoring to encourage regular consumption and home practice. Outcomes were measured at baseline and post-intervention, including nutrition knowledge (structured questionnaire), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC/LILA) (standard MUAC tape), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels (point-of-care testing). Pre–post changes were analyzed using paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test (p < 0.05). Results showed significant improvements in nutrition knowledge, MUAC (+0.61 cm, p < 0.001), and Hb (+0.92 g/dL, p < 0.001), with fewer women at risk of CED and anemia. Participants also improved TOKEN processing skills, supporting the feasibility of using local food. This approach may be a feasible community-based strategy to reduce CED and anemia risk, though larger studies with control groups are needed.
Copyright (c) 2025 Iswari Pauzi, Ni Putu Karunia Ekayani, Yudha Anggit Jiwantoro
The Effectiveness of Using the Interactive Learning Media PeT-Efig (Periodic Table and Electron Configuration)
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the PeT-Efig interactive multimedia in improving students’ learning outcomes compared to the use of a textbook. The effectiveness was analyzed by comparing the posttest scores of both groups using an independent t-test. The results showed that the Sig. (2-tailed) value was < 0.05, indicating a significant difference between the experimental and control classes. Students who learned using PeT-Efig achieved higher learning outcomes, demonstrating that the media provided a positive impact on conceptual understanding. The effect size calculation produced a Cohen’s d value of 1.3, categorized as a large effect, indicating that the influence of PeT-Efig is very strong and practically meaningful. Overall, this study concludes that the PeT-Efig interactive multimedia is effective as a learning medium because it enhances learning engagement, strengthens information retention, and significantly improves students’ learning outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Safna Anjani, Hairida, Rini Muharini
The Effectiveness Of Using Student Worksheet Accompanied by Hybridization Kit On The Discovery Learning Model
Chemistry learning, especially the topic of hybridization, is often considered difficult by students because the concepts are abstract and cannot be clearly visualized through 2D textbook images. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using Student Worksheets (LKPD) accompanied by a Hybridization Kit (Hy-KIT) through the Discovery Learning model. The research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design. The sample (N=72) was selected using purposive sampling and consisted of a control class (36 students) that used conventional worksheets (LKS) and an experimental class (36 students) that used LKPD with Hy-KIT. The research method used was a quasi-experimental design with a Nonrandomized Control Pretest–Posttest design. Data were collected through validated essay-type pretest and posttest questions. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of the 3D Hy-KIT media, which provides a real visualization of orbital shapes, with the Discovery Learning model. This combination serves as an alternative learning tool to significantly enhance students’ understanding of this abstract material. The results showed that both classes experienced improvement, but the experimental class demonstrated higher learning gains than the control class. The Effect Size (ES) calculation produced a value of 0.6, which falls into the medium category, indicating that the LKPD accompanied by Hy-KIT is effective in improving students’ understanding of hybridization concepts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nanda Lista Putri, Erlina, Andi Ifriany
The Relationship Between Septic Tank Distance And The Biological Quality Of Dug Well Water In Rensing Bat Village, West Sakra District
Based on data from the results of the Household Drinking Water Quality Surveillance of the Rensing Health Center in Rensing Bat Village in 2024, which was carried out from 15 wells, there were 13 wells that contained Eschericia colli bacteria and 2 wells that did not contain Eschericia colli bacteria. This study aims to determine the relationship between the distance of the septic tank and the biological quality of dug well water in Rensing Village, West Sakra District in 2025. This type of research is an analytical survey with a cross sectional approach. This research was conducted in Rensing Bat Village, West Sakra District. The population in this study is 124 houses that have dug wells and septic tanks with a sample of 55 houses taken using systematic random sampling techniques. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate tests. The results of the statistical test of the septic tank distance variable showed a value (p value = 0.027<0.05) with the biological quality of the dug well water. Conclusion: there is a relationship between the distance of the septic tank and the biological quality of dug well water in Rensing Bat Village, West Sakra District in 2025. It is recommended to the head of the Rensing Health Center to assign environmental health workers to intensify counseling activities on the safe distance of septic tanks to dug wells with a distance of ≥ 10 m and cook water before consumption in order to break the chain of water-transmitted diseases. Proper management of the septic tank distance is essential to prevent negative impacts on water quality and to protect public health and the environment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Iwan Desimal, Dahlia Rosma Indah, M. Hario Tangkas Abqory
Relationship Between Dug Well Construction and Physical Quality of Clean Water in Kayangan, North Lombok
Dug wells serve as the main household water source for communities in the Kayangan Health Center area of North Lombok, making their structural integrity essential for ensuring safe water access. This study aimed to examine the relationship between dug well construction and the physical quality of clean water. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted from April to June 2024. From a total population of 82 dug wells, 45 wells were selected as study samples using the Slovin formula with a 10% margin of error and simple random sampling to ensure equal selection probability. Well construction characteristics were assessed through direct field observation using a structured checklist based on Indonesian Ministry of Health standards. Physical water quality was evaluated through organoleptic testing of color, odor, and taste in accordance with national clean water regulations. The results showed that 88.9% of dug wells did not meet recommended construction requirements, particularly regarding parapet height, well lining, and watertight flooring. Physical testing indicated that 80% of water samples met quality standards, while 20% failed to meet one or more indicators. Statistical analysis using the Chi-Square test revealed no significant association between well construction and physical water quality (p = 0.258). These findings suggest that physical indicators alone may not adequately reflect contamination risks, highlighting the need for comprehensive water quality monitoring that includes microbiological and chemical assessments to ensure groundwater safety.
Copyright (c) 2025 Husnul Hatimah, Iwan Desimal, Yeni Puspita, Muhammad Fauzi Zulkarnaen
Development of Teaching E-Modules on Atomic Structure Material Based on the Merdeka Curriculum
The purpose of this study was to develop and test the feasibility of materials and media, as well as to observe teachers' responses to e-learning modules on atomic structure based on the independent curriculum. This study uses the Research and Development method with the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. However, the development process is limited to the development stage with the aim of producing e-learning modules that are theoretically feasible based on expert assessment and user response, without empirically testing the effectiveness of the product. The module that has been developed is tested for feasibility by each of the 2 media experts and material experts to determine whether the module is suitable for use. In addition to the feasibility assessment, a response test to the product was also carried out involving 2 teachers from driving schools in Pontianak city. The results of the analysis in the material test were 88%, the media test was 84%, and the teacher response questionnaire to the teaching module was 96%. So it can be concluded that the teaching e-module on atomic structure material based on the independent curriculum developed is feasible to use as a learning tool because it has passed the feasibility assessment by material and media experts and received a very good response from chemistry learning teachers because it has passed the response test. The uniqueness of this research lies in the development of an e-learning module that systematically maps Learning Outcomes (CP) into Learning Objectives (TP) and Learning Objective Sequences (ATP), and is designed in an interactive digital format to overcome teachers' difficulties in planning lessons under the Merdeka Curriculum. Researchers suggest continuing this research at the next stage, namely implementation and evaluation to see the effectiveness of the teaching modules produced because the teaching modules can also be used by teachers in learning chemistry so as to make it easier for teachers to have teaching module references that are more flexible and can be accessed at any time.
Copyright (c) 2025 Melviani, Eny Enawaty, Masriani
Systematic Literature Review: The Effectiveness of Socio-Scientific Problem-Based Learning Models in Chemistry Learning
This study is a systematic literature review (SLR) that aims to analyze the effectiveness of the integrated Socio-Scientific Issues (PBL) Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model or PBL-SSI in improving students' scientific abilities in chemistry learning in secondary school. The background of this research is the dominance of traditional lecture methods that fail to strengthen 21st century critical thinking and skills, demanding a change in a more contextual and participatory approach. The SLR procedure follows systematic, transparent, and replicable guidelines, with literature searches via Google Scholar (time range 2020–2025) using the keyword "SSI; PBL; Chemistry Learning". Based on strict inclusion criteria, as many as eight articles deserve comprehensive analysis. The results of the synthesis of findings show that PBL-SSI has proven to be significantly effective in strengthening students' science literacy, critical thinking skills, creative thinking skills, and science process skills. The highest effectiveness is found in materials that have a strong relationship with social and environmental issues, such as acid-bases and green chemicals, which dominate the application of this model (about 25% each). The conclusion states that PBL-SSI is a very relevant approach to create meaningful and competency-oriented chemistry learning in the 21st century.
Copyright (c) 2025 Asmaul Husna, Nabila Yasmin, Miterianifa
A Study of Project-Based Learning with a Research-Based Approach: Improving Conceptual Understanding and Scientific Skills
This study aims to analyze the effect of implementing the Project-Based Learning with a Research-Based Approach (PjBL-RBA) model in chemistry practicum on improving students’ conceptual understanding and scientific process skills. The research employed a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest–posttest design. The sample consisted of 26 undergraduate students from the Chemistry Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University, Indonesia, selected purposively to represent learners actively engaged in laboratory-based courses. Data collection instruments included a conceptual understanding test, an observation sheet for scientific process skills, and documentation of practicum activities. The data were analyzed using a paired sample t-test to determine statistical significance and N-Gain scores to measure the level of improvement. The results showed a significant enhancement in both variables with a p-value < 0.05. The average N-Gain scores of 0.53 for conceptual understanding and 0.38 for scientific process skills indicate a moderate level of improvement. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of Project-Based Learning with a Research-Based Approach in chemistry laboratory practice, which has rarely been explored simultaneously in previous literature. Therefore, the implementation of the PjBL-RBA model is proven effective and recommended as an innovative instructional strategy to strengthen students’ conceptual and scientific learning outcomes in higher education chemistry practicum.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wirhanuddin, Nadia, Salsabila Dia Syahputri, Kiki Putri Septya Pratama, Zyahdatul Husna Herlianti
Analysis of Science Teaching Material Development Needs: Teachers' Perceptions of Ethnoscience Integration in Junior High and Senior High School Science Textbooks
Education today requires the implementation of contextual, responsive, and culturally sensitive approaches to create learning that is relevant to the daily lives of students and more inclusive. To date, research on ethnoscience in science education has primarily focused on the development of learning models, the implementation of ethnoscience in the classroom, or conceptual studies on the integration of culture in science learning. Studies that specifically analyze science textbooks as the primary learning resource are still limited and tend to be descriptive, without directly linking them to teachers' perceptions and the development of teaching materials in specific regional contexts. Therefore, this study is novel in filling this gap through an analysis of the need to develop ethnoscience-based science textbooks based on the perceptions of junior high and high school teachers in Riau Province, which provides an empirical basis for the development of teaching materials and the formulation of more contextually and locally based education policies. This study used a survey method involving 12 junior high school and high school science teachers from 12 different schools in various regions of Riau. The research instrument was a perception questionnaire from the perspective of teachers and students. Data analysis was conducted both descriptively and quantitatively, using simple statistics, and supplemented by qualitative interpretations of open-ended responses. The results showed that both teachers and students considered the integration of ethnoscience in science textbooks to be very limited, unsystematic, and lacking a strong connection between scientific concepts and local culture. The needs analysis indicated the need to develop culture-based textbooks that explicitly include the cultural context of Riau, are scientifically structured, and can strengthen the understanding of science concepts. This study has significant implications for teachers, textbook authors, and also curriculum developers, as it underscores the importance of enhancing the relevance of science learning through integration of local culture.
Copyright (c) 2025 Putriade Rahma Yulis, Nurul Fauziah, Asyti Febliza
Science Literacy Ability with The Discovery Learning Model on Thermochemistry Material For Grade XI Of State High School 15 Pekanbaru
This research is motivated by students' inability to connect the scientific knowledge they learn to everyday phenomena related to chemistry, particularly thermochemistry. This problem stems from a lack of student motivation and interest in chemistry learning, partly due to the extensive scope of the chemistry material. The learning process at State Senior High School 15 Pekanbaru uses the lecture method and tends to memorize concepts and theories. During the learning process, teachers have not yet implemented scientific literacy in explaining the material and relating it to everyday life. However, low scientific literacy makes students less able to find information related to problems, thus making them reluctant to do so. The research was conducted in grade XI of State Senior High School 15 Pekanbaru in the odd semester of the 2024/2025 academic year. The research design used an equivalent pretest-posttest group design with two classes: a control class and an experimental class. The population of this study consisted of classes XI A, XI B, XI C, XI D, and XI E. The sample used was Class XI A as the experimental class, which was given the discovery learning model, while Class XI B as the control class was not given the discovery learning model. Data collection was conducted using pretest scores as initial data for normality and homogeneity tests, and the difference between pretest and posttest scores for hypothesis testing. The results of the hypothesis test calculation using the t-test obtained t count > t table, i.e., with df, thus the research hypothesis was accepted. The application of the discovery learning model can be recommended as an alternative to improve students' scientific literacy skills, especially in thermochemistry.
Copyright (c) 2025 Linda, Abdullah, Sri Wilda Albeta
Trial of Green Chemistry-Based Chemistry Laboratory Manual on Acid-Base Indicators for Grade XII
Chemistry laboratory experiments often use hazardous chemicals that can pose health risks and cause environmental damage. Green chemistry-based chemistry experiments are important because they use materials that are safe for students and the environment. Unlike previous laboratory manuals, this manual integrates green chemistry principles and digital features to enhance student independence. The purpose of this study was to examine the practicality and effectiveness of the green chemistry-based chemistry practicum guide on acid-base indicator material. This study was a Research and Development (R&D) study using the Borg and Gall model. This study focused only on the limited trial stage, initial product revision, and field trials to test the practicality and effectiveness of the Practicum Guide. Data collection techniques used questionnaires to determine practicality scores and N-Gain tests for effectiveness. The results of the practicality score analysis of the green chemistry-based chemistry practicum guide for teachers were in the very practical category, while students were in the practical category, reinforced by the results of observations of teacher and student activities in the very good category. The results of the analysis of the effectiveness of the green chemistry-based chemistry Practicum Guide using N-Gain were in the moderate category. Thus, this chemistry Practicum Guide is practical and effective for use in simple acid-base indicator practicums.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aldiansyah, Muhammad Febry, Nurlaili, Yuli Hartati, Usman